Grouped caging predisposes male mice to ankylosing enthesopathy.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Grouped caging predisposes male mice to ankylosing enthesopathy.
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the number of males per cage as a possible risk factor for murine ankylosing enthesopathy (ANKENT)--a spontaneous joint disease with parallels to human seronegative spondylarthropathies--since ANKENT shows incomplete penetrance of genetic susceptibility factors among individuals living in a stable environment. METHODS Frequency of ANKENT was compared among males housed w...
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SIR, We read with interest the report by Mander et al on the use of an enthesis index in ankylosing spondylitis.' We have developed a similar enthesopathy index (EI) based on tenderness over areas of tendon, ligament, or joint capsule insertion. The areas palpated are scored on a similar four point scale (0-3). The areas palpated are the symphysis pubis, vertebral processes at C1/C2, C7/Tl, L12...
متن کاملLipopolysaccharide treatment suppresses spontaneously developing ankylosing enthesopathy in B10.BR male mice: The potential role of interleukin-10
BACKGROUND Ankylosing enthesopathy (ANKENT) is an animal model of human ankylosing spondylitis. ANKENT is an inflammatory disease affecting the ankle and tarsal joints of the hind limbs in susceptible mouse strains. In the disease, the participation of intestinal microbiota components was suggested. Therefore, we attempted to increase the incidence of ANKENT by systemic administration of lipopo...
متن کاملMaternal age influences risk for HLA-B27 associated ankylosing enthesopathy in transgenic mice.
OBJECTIVE To study further the temporal clustering of ankylosing enthesopathy (AE) noted originally during a study of the influence of mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) H-2 and transgenic HLA-B27 on the frequency of AE. METHODS The relationship between maternal age at littering and frequency of AE was analysed. RESULTS Mice born to mothers aged eight months or older had a signifi...
متن کاملFrom Caging to Grasping
This paper digs into the relationship between cages and grasps of a rigid body. In particular, it considers the use of cages as waypoints to grasp an object. We introduce the concept of pregrasping cages, caging configurations from which an object can be grasped without first breaking the cage. For two-fingered manipulators, all cages are pregrasping cages and, consequently, useful waypoints to...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
سال: 1996
ISSN: 0003-4967
DOI: 10.1136/ard.55.9.645